Independent Gateway to Understanding Type 2 Inflammation
The interaction between the nervous system and immune cells has been reported in fungal-infected skin inflammation and psoriasis, but not in atopic dermatitis (AD) [1-3]. Antihistamines are not always effective in treating pruritus in chronic skin inflammation [4]. A recent study by Serhan et al. unraveled how house dust mite allergens can trigger peripheral nociceptive sensory neurons and how these…
The JADE Mono-2 study in adolescent and adult patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) investigated the efficacy and safety of abrocitinib. The results demonstrated significant advantages in clinical signs and symptoms over placebo [1,2]. The randomised, controlled, double-blind, phase 3 trial included 391 patients aged ≥12 years with moderate-to-severe AD from 115 centres worldwide and was presented by Dr Melinda Gooderham…
New data from a pooled analysis of phase 3 trials demonstrated substantial efficacy of JAK-inhibition with baricitinib for head and neck lesions in atopic dermatitis (AD) [1]. The oral JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor baricitinib has already proven its efficacy versus placebo in treating moderate-to-severe AD in the identical, double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 BREEZE-AD1 and BREEZE-AD2 trials. Patients with AD often experience…
The IL-4/IL-13 blocker dupilumab leads to rapid symptom control and itch reduction in children with severe atopic dermatitis (AD), as was demonstrated in the phase 3 LIBERTY AD PEDS study [1]. Previous trials have already shown that dupilumab is effective in adults and adolescents ≥12 years with moderate-to-severe AD inadequately controlled with topical prescription therapies. However, there is also an…
IL-13 plays a key role in pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). The phase 3 ECZTRA trials demonstrated the remarkable efficacy of the IL-13 blocker tralokinumab in adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD [1]. AD is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Tralokinumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody designed specifically to neutralise IL-13, a key driver of the underlying inflammation in AD,…
Busse WW, et al. Efficacy of dupilumab on clinical outcomes in patients with asthma and perennial allergic rhinitis [published online ahead of print, 2020 May 28]. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020;S1081-1206(20)30389-6. In this post-hoc analysis of the phase 3 LIBERTY ASTHMA QUEST trial, the effect of dupilumab on comorbid perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) was investigated. PAR is often associated with sensitisation…
Ghadersohi S, Price CPE, Jensen SE, et al. Development and Preliminary Validation of a New Patient-Reported Outcome Measure for Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS-PRO). J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020;8(7):2341-2350.e1. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disease of the nasal airways and paranasal sinuses with a high disease burden [1,2]. Patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments are measures of disease severity and symptom burden in…
Young HY, Sun HE, et al. Altered Mitochondrial Functions and Morphologies in Epithelial Cells Are Associated With Pathogenesis of Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2020 Jul;12(4):653-668 Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a complex inflammatory disease of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa [1]. There are indications that the disease is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction,…
Rokkas T, et al. A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis in adults and children. J Clin Gastroenterol 2020; published ahead of print. For eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), apart from steroids [1], newer therapeutic interventions and relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are available that have not been included in previous meta-analyses [2-6]. Network meta-analysis (NWM)…
Marks M, et al. Tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and receptors in type 1, type 2 and type 17 inflammation in cross-sectional asthma study. Thorax 2020;0:1–4. Epub Tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has a potential role in allergic asthma [1,2]. TRAIL induces apoptosis in a variety of cells thereby resolving inflammation [1,3]. Conversely, TRAIL has been shown to…